Ship



MfF. HlLL.

SHIP.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 18. 1919.

1 ,405,844 Patented Feb. 7, 1922,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENLOR.

WW W M. F. HILL.

SHIP. APPLICATION FILED APR. 18, I919.

1,405 44, Patented Feb. 7, 1-922.-

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

ATTORNEY MYRON F. HILL, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

SHIP.

Application filed April 18,

'1 all whom it may concern. Be it known that I, MYRON F. HILL, citizen of the United'States, resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented an Improvement in Ships, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cast steel ships and particularly to joints and methods of assembly.

In the drawings Fig. 1 shows a view of the midship section. Fig. 2 shows an intermediate transverse floor.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a portion of the tank, or double bottom.

Fig. 4 shows the ends of keel sections to be joined.

Fig. 5 shows the joint between the tank top and a transverse frame.

Figs. 6 and 7 show the stanchion caps for the upper and shelter decks.

Fig. 8 shows the joint between the ends of longitudinals through a deck beam or floor or bulkhead.

Fig. 9 shows a sectional view of part of a hatchway for the shelter deck. j v

Fig- 10 shows a part of a hatchway for the upper deck.

Fig. 11 shows a portion of'a shell expansion.

Fig. 12 shows in perspectiveview a joint suitable for use in the shell, tank top, and decks, also. if desired between bulkhead and other castings.

Fig. 13 is a section of Fig. 12 down the I line 13.

In Fig. 1 is shown the keel casting 14 having at the' top flanges 15 to which are connected the edges of tank top sections 16. It has a bulb 15 for convenience in pouring, in accordance with rinciples set forth in my application Serial No. 267 ,480%. The

. keel is stifi'ened with stiffeners 17 from either side adapted to be welded to floors and there-. fore spaced in accordance with the spacing of the floors. The keel casting has a bottom plate 18 adapted to act as the middle strake at the bottom of the ship. A bottom casting 19 isconnected with edges of the plate 18. There is a bottom casting 19 to port and one to starboard secured to the edges of the plate 18, each bottom casting extendingto point 20 (shown at port). This bottom casting is provided with the usual longitudinals 21, the limber holes 22 and a portion .of a floor 23. These parts are also shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 3

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. '7, 11922. 1919. Serial N0. 291,124.

shows how the castings are laid in succession,-

the casting 19 to be followed by the cast mg 19 After these two castings are in place the tank top casting 24 may be located. Each tank top casting carrying integral longitudinals 25, a portion of the floor 26 and limber holes 27. The portion of the floors 23 of the bottom castings and 26 of the tank top castings meet at a middle line 28 (see Fig. l) where they are welded andthe usual lightening holes may be cast wherever desired. The bottom casting carries also lower halves of side girders 30 and the tank top carries the other portions 31, of the side girders which meet at a middle line shown at 32 where they are welded. The tank top is bent down as shown at 33 preferably after casting and by being cut away from the portion 26 of the floor by means of the oxyacetylene flame or otherwise and are rewelded to the floor in the position shown. The side sections 34 are next assembled. They include integrally the portions 35 of the side frames which are located along one edge of a casting and at their ends rest upon the tank top or tops of the floors 26 as indicated at 36. The side castings carry the usual integral longitudinals 3?. The side transverses 35 are further reinforced by brackets 38 welded thereto along the lines 39 and to the tank top at 40, shown also in Fig. 5, and to the deck beams 41 along the line 42.

The bilge casting 43 is next added including integrally a portion44 of a nals and limber holes 45, the joints being formed at 46 to the bottom and side castings.

The deck beams 41 of the upper deck rest upon the tops ofthe brackets 38 and are welded thereto and are integrally cast with the decks 47 and deck longitudinals 48. The deck sections extend from the joint 49 to a joint 50. The shelter deck 51 is cast in a similar form and joined to the margin plates 53 integrally cast on the side castings at a joint at 52. Brackets 54 which may be floor, longitudirolled metal are welded to the deck beams at 55 andto the side transverses at 56 with the ordinary welded joint.

It is evident that the system of shipbuilding herein shown is of the longitudinal type which contemplates main transverses and main floors, with other floors in the tank intermediate of the transverses. The floors and transverses are shown in Fig. 1. The intermediate floors shown in Fig. 2, are in three parts, 57, 58, and 59, the first one runthe tank top,

i :The longitudinal of one casting 1S 7 the longitu'dinal of the nest castlng through 26, a portion of a transverse 35., orfa deck to i one side of 1 them.

ning from the stiffener 17 on the keelto the side girder 30-31, the second one from that side girder to the next side girder 30-31 and the third to the bilge. rectly to the These castings are welded diaside 'girders the bottom shell, the stiffener .17. and at least to the tops of the longitudinals and preferably These castings are pro vided withlan enlargement The fstifieners 61, of Zwhicli away from the gir.

shown at 62 for purposes connected with Y edges of the casting. The bottom and top V V stiffener :are welded to the longitudlnals. joined to a transverse frame as shown in Fig-L8. 3 This transverse frame maybe a portion of a floor;

beam 411 ,The edges of the plates :19. and 19* sectional area of at 67in Fig-13.

nal iscast on th of the longitudinal of ,plate The "space between them" isifilled by welding.-- Similar lugs and dovetailsmay be added at4Q fdesired." Upon the edges of, the plate 19; are cast lugs (58 having a resist- Y anee to shear equal-to the tensile-strength of the'plate. Upon theltransverse 23ers cast'dovetailing lugs 69 reinforced in thick ness to;compensate for the cut out portions, I '(Ohetween the dovetails around the lugs 68 1 The spaces between the dovetails and lugs are'fi'lled in by welding as indicated at 71 ;in--Fig..13. The'lugs are continued upon the-other side of the transverses 23 by furtlierreinforcements 72 adapted to continue that a wedge 73 may be driven in between the .ibottomfof thelower lug 63 and the dove 69, and the top of the strengthof the lugs over into plate 19. Returning again to Fig-8 it is apparent tail 69' to separate .thectwo thereby pressing tightlyftogether the bottom-of the dovetail the edge of plating 19 so rthat-dnring assembly these wedgesinaybe utilized insteadof boltin plates together to rigidly connect the edges of the castings for welding.

These dovetailed joints are applied-to the -;jointsbetween .the shell castings to: the

joints between the deck and tank .top castg 'ings, to thejoints between the keel sections 7. ishownjn Fig; 4 at 7-4:; andsimilar welded lug and dovetailed joints may be appliedto any other part' of the shipwhich .is subjected t heavy tensile strains. 7 The .j oints between the; upper and lower portions "of the floors and between the parts of the transverses and double V welding. one from the last side girder also shown in 7 Fig.3 to form a channel through which to .7 flow the metal.

there is one at each longitudinal, are out V der above the bulb 60 as;

"between the transverse brackets and deckbea'ms may be of the ordinary single V or In Fig. 11 is indicated the arrangement of these joints. The keel "is shown at 75, a bottom casting at 76, a

bilgecasting at 77 and a side casting fat 78. The dotted lines indicate the frame work inside of theshell. It will' be noted that the frames the object of which is to prevent water pressures or loads'lfrom bendlng the welded jointlengthwise thereof, whilejthe great mass ofthe joints prevents them -from being bent across the joints th'ereby'eliminating from the welded joints fatigue strains which might in time have a damaging effect upon a welded ship. When joints of this character are assembled ready 'for' welding a stud on one end of a joint maybe welded} and a stud at the other end maybe weldedto the dovetail, to "locate the casting V rigidly in position after which thewelding of the different studs between mayproceed,

joints shown in full lines lie along the v irregularly if'desired. After the dovetailed I jointsare welded the outside seam may be .90 welded to provide a water tight joint and the welding metal is preferably flattened by t a pneumatic hammer, an operation similar to'caulking. This, .however, is not a necessity unlessa leak should develop during test.

Itis evident that this joint .provides a mechanical strength equal'to thestrengthof the plates even. though the welding might not adhere to: the parentmetal. The-welds 111g. metal inthe dovetailed joint is in an undercut groove as shown at 7 9 so that' e'ven', if it should get loose it could not escape from" the joint, and in case of trouble 'at'sea with a joint the worst that could happen wouldbe a leak through a-tin-ycrevice which could be caulkedjonthe inside of theship along the dovetails. If the welding" is of-ordinary strength, however, the welding about theb o d'ovetailing exceeds the strength of the platesand the welded seam .67 is nearly equal/to that of theplates so that the maximum strength of the joint may. exceed three timesthe strength of the plates. j this jOllll) can be accomplishedby anainount of metal that .is ofinsignifieant valne and by means of ordinary apparatus at comparatively small expense ityprovides means for. 'jolninsgcastingsfwitli great speed'and little labolp In Fig. ltl1e ends of thekeel casting may be united at top and bottom-by similar studs and perforations and ,the'joint between the web portions 14. ofthe keel may be' united ifdesired along the edge80 by the usual 'V weld. Clips'or stifi'eners 61 may becast 'integrally with the'castings wherever desired.

The enlarged spaces 81 shown'in FigfiQ are 7 not neccessary but-if. desired may be filled .in

by special triangles of metal welded into I place desired. In Figs. 9 and 10 the joint at 82 between the hatchway and deck casting may be similar to that shown in Figs. 12 and 13. A similar joint may also be applied at 83 if desired and at 84 a joint shown in Fig. 9 may be applied. A joint of the character shown in F 1g. 8 having a plurality of sets of dovetails 64 and lugs 63 may be employed to unite ends of side girders such for example as those illustrated in Fig. 3 at 85 to the clips 61 which may be slightly offset for the purpose. Many variations in the details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

\Vhat I claim is: I

1. A joint between the edges of plates adapted to overlap, the laps being respectively provided with dovetailed lugs and welding grooves between the adjacent edges.

2. The combination claimed in claim 1 having said lugs of an area to provide a resistance to shear equal to the tensile strength of the plates and said dovetails being similarly reinforced.

3. The combination claimed in claim 1 having a seam upon the joint betweensaid plates upon a side opposite from said lugs and dovetails for welding a water tight seam.

4. The combination claimed in claim 2 having a seam upon the joint between said plates upon a side opposite from said lu s and dovetails for welding a water tig it seam.

5. The combination claimed in claim 1 having a rib or frame along the joint between said plates to stiffen the same.

6. The combination claimed in claim 2 having a rib or frame along the joint between said plates to stiffen the same.

7. The combination claimed in claim 3 having a rib or frame along the joint between said plates to stiffen the same.

8. The combination claimed in claim 4 having a rib or frame along the joint be tween said plates to stiffen the same.

9. In combination a plurality of castings. the edge of one almost but not quite enclosing the edge of another and spaces between them adapted for filling with means to bind the edges together.

10. The combination claimed in claim 9 having a dovetail upon one casting having an edge adapted to partly enclose the edge of another casting and a cut out portion adapted to receive a filler to bind the castings together.

11. A joint as claimed in claim 1, each plate having a lap in a plane parallel with that of the adjoining plate, said adjoining plate lying in the plane of the first plate.

12. The combination claimed in claim 9 to eliminate bolting up of plates and to automatically assemble for welding.

13. The combination claimed in claim 10 to eliminate bolting up of plates and to automatically assemble for welding.

l4. Castings adapted to be joined end edge to end edge, each casting provided with a joggled lap for an adjoimng casting, the overlapping portions being respectively provided with dovetailing means.

15. Castings as claimed in claim' 14, each having a girder member in the vicinity of the joint.

In testimony whereof, I have afiixed my signature to this specification.

MYRON F. HILL. 

